Excerpt: Footnotes
[1] Seymour M. Hersh, “Lieutenant Accused of Murdering 109 Civilians,” St. Louis Post-Dispatch, November 13, 1969. The Post-Dispatch and about two dozen other newspapers published the article, which was distributed by the Dispatch News Service.
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[2] Peers Inquiry, Report of the Department of the Army Review of the Preliminary Investigations into the My Lai Incident, Vol. 1, March 14, 1970, Library of Congress Call Number DS557.8.M9 U54 1974.
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[3] Records of the Army Staff, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel, Vietnam War Crimes Working Group, Records Group 319, National Archives and Records Administration (hereafter cited as Vietnam War Crimes Working Group, RG 319, NARA), College Park, Maryland.
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[4] Viet Nam Generation Journal and Newsletter, “Announcements, Notices and Reports,” V-4, N1-2 (1992). http:www3.iath.virginia.edu/sixties/HTML_docs/Texts/ANR/VG_ANR_4&1_2_D.html.According to the posting, the records were made available at the National Archives and Records Administration facility in Suitland, Maryland. The collection currently is housed at the Archives’ campus in College Park, Maryland. Interestingly, the first scholarly foray into the records may have been by a German historian, Bernd Greiner, who directs the Research Unit: Theory and History of Violence at the Hamburg Institute for Social Research and is a history professor at the University of Hamburg. He recently published a German-language book on his research: Krieg ohne Fronten: Die USA in Vietnam (Hamburg: Hamburger Edition, 2007). The translated title is War without a Front: The USA in Vietnam. Among his conclusions, as described by his publishing house: “Just how many atrocities were committed in the course of the Vietnam War is a question to which there presumably will never be a definitive answer. But it is clear that such crimes were by no means singular occurrences, nor were they the acts of a few individual perpetrators of excessive violence.”
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[5] Nick Turse is currently research director at the Nation Institute’s Tomdispatch.com and author of The Complex: How the Military Invades Our Everyday Lives (Metropolitan Books/Henry Holt, 2008). He has a PhD in Sociomedical Sciences from Columbia University. He wrote his dissertation, “‘Kill Anything That Moves’: United States War Crimes and Atrocities in Vietnam, 1965–1973,” on the doctrine of atrocity using the war-crime archive and other historical materials and texts. He is writing his own book, a history of U.S. war crimes in Indochina, for Metropolitan Books/Henry Holt.
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[6] Nick Turse and Deborah Nelson, “Vietnam Horrors: Darker Yet,” Los Angeles Times, August 6, 2006; Deborah Nelson and Nick Turse, “A Tortured Past,” Los Angeles Times, August 20, 2006.
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[7] Michael D. Sallah, Mitch Weiss, and Joe Mahr, “Buried Secrets, Brutal Truths,” Toledo Blade, October 19–22, 2003.
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[8] War Crimes Allegations Case Files, Vietnam War Crimes Working Group, RG 319, NARA.
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[9] Analysis by Nelson and Turse of data collected from case summaries and investigation files, War Crimes Allegations Case Files, Vietnam War Crimes Working Group, RG 319, NARA.
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[10] 71-S381-18 Testimony No. 8, Congressional Record (92nd Congress, 1st Session) for Thursday, April 22, 1971, pp. 179–210.
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[11] Memorandum from John W. Dean III, counsel to the president, to the judge advocate general, May 10, 1971, Central File, Vietnam War Crimes Working Group, RG 319, NARA.
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[12] Memorandum from Maj. Gen. Kenneth J. Hodson, judge advocate general, to John W. Dean III, counsel to the president, May 21, 1971, Central File, Vietnam War Crimes Working Group, RG 319, NARA.
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[13] Ken W. Clawson, “‘Veterans for a Just Peace’ Formed to Offset Kerry Unit,” Washington Post, June 2, 1971; Jerry Schwartz, “Vietnam Vet Questions Kerry on War Record,” Associated Press Online, August 26, 2004; Michael Dobbs, “After Decades, Renewed War on Old Conflict,” Washington Post, August 28, 2004.
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[14] Bruce Kesler, “The Revolt of the Vietnam Veterans,” San Diego Union-Tribune, December 19, 2004.
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[15] For example, Maj. Gen. George S. Prugh, Vietnam Studies: Law at War: Vietnam 1964–73 (Washington, D.C.: Department of the Army, 1975), pp. 61–78; Guenter Lewy, America in Vietnam (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1978), pp. 307–373; B. G. Burkett and Glenna Whitley, Stolen Valor: How the Vietnam Generation Was Robbed of Its Heroes and Its History (Dallas, Tex.: Verity Press, 1998), pp. 111–138; William Thomas Allison, Military Justice in Vietnam: The Rule of Law in an American War (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2007), p. 92.
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[16] Timothy Egan, “Wounds Opened Anew as Vietnam Resurfaces,” New York Times, August 26, 2004; Thomas B. Edsall, “Swift Boat Group’s Tally: $6.7 Million,” Washington Post, September 11, 2004; Jodi Wilgoren, “Truth Be Told, the Vietnam Crossfire Hurts Kerry More,” New York Times, September 24, 2004.
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[17] Concerned Sgt Allegation, Vietnam War Crimes Working Group, RG 319, Box 1, NARA.
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